M. MERZOUK Belkacem

Prof

Directory of teachers

Department

Department of HYDRAULIC

Research Interests

Climate change and Water resources, General hydraulics, Urban hydraulics, Environment and Soil erosion, Water and wastewater treatment, Coagulation-flocculation - Eelectrocoagulation, Water quality

Contact Info

University of M'Sila, Algeria

Email : belkacem.merzouk@univ-msila.dz

On the Web:

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Recent Publications

2024-12-18

The use of opuntia ficus-indica mucilage in water treatment by coagulation-flocculation

Mohammed Tiaiba, Belkacem Merzouk. The use of opuntia ficus-indica mucilage in water treatment by coagulation-flocculation. 1st International Seminar Towards Sustainable Agriculture: Optimizing Production Chains (1st ISTSA), 18-19 December 2024, Annaba, Algeria.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2024-12-18), "The use of opuntia ficus-indica mucilage in water treatment by coagulation-flocculation", [international] 1st International Seminar Towards Sustainable Agriculture: Optimizing Production Chains (1st ISTSA) , Annaba

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2024-12-17

Traitement des eaux de surface du barrage "Ain Zada" Bordj Bou Arreridj par coagulation-floculation

Mohammed Tiaiba, Belkacem Merzouk. Traitement des eaux de surface du barrage "Ain Zada" Bordj Bou Arreridj par coagulation-floculation. 2ème Séminaire National : Matériaux pour l’Environnement et le Développement Durable (MEDD 2024), 17-18 Décembre 2024, Relizane, Algérie.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2024-12-17), "Traitement des eaux de surface du barrage "Ain Zada" Bordj Bou Arreridj par coagulation-floculation", [national] 2ème Séminaire National : Matériaux pour l’Environnement et le Développement Durable (MEDD 2024), , Relizane

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2024-11-25

Groundwater quality assessment using the Water Quality Index and GIS in M’Sila watershed, Algeria

The main objective of this study is to try to discuss the quality of groundwater and its suitability for human consumption, and to propose techniques to make it more suitable for human needs in order to avoid health problems caused by poor water quality.
Water resources in Algeria have undergone spectacular exploitation in recent years, especially groundwater, which is considered the main resource of the Hodna watershed. This study focuses on the quality of water from six drillings intended for human consumption in M'sila. Overall, the quality of this water is poor, with TH > 50°F and very high sulfate levels.
The use of chemical graphs (Piper, Schöeller-Berkaloff) and the application of statistical analyses (PCA, CAH, AFC) using the statistical program (XLSTAT 2014) showed that calcium bicarbonate and calcium sulfate are dominant due to the geological nature of the area containing gypsum and limestone.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2024-11-25), "Groundwater quality assessment using the Water Quality Index and GIS in M’Sila watershed, Algeria", [international] The 4th Mediterranean Geosciences Union - Annual Meeting (MedGU-24) , Barcelone

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2024-11-20

Evaluation of groundwater quality of K’sob watershed (Algeria) based on index WQI

Mohammed Tiaiba, Belkacem Merzouk. Evaluation of groundwater quality of K’sob watershed (Algeria) based on index WQI. Journée Nationale sur l’Eau, Energie & Environnement J3E2024), 20 Novembre 2024, Université de Médéa, Algérie
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2024-11-20), "Evaluation of groundwater quality of K’sob watershed (Algeria) based on index WQI", [national] Journée Nationale sur l’Eau, Energie & Environnement J3E2024) , Médéa, Algérie

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2024-10-13

Groundwater quality assessment using the Water Quality Index and GIS in the south-eastern region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (k'sob watershed), Algeria

Mohammed Tiaiba, Belkacem Merzouk. Groundwater quality assessment using the Water Quality Index and GIS in the south-eastern region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (k'sob watershed), Algeria. 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24), 13 - 14 Octobre 2024, Université de M’Sila, Algérie.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2024-10-13), "Groundwater quality assessment using the Water Quality Index and GIS in the south-eastern region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (k'sob watershed), Algeria", [national] 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24), 13 - 14 Octobre 2024, Université de M’Sila , M'Sila, Algérie

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Apport des SIG et de la télédétection dans le suivi et l’évaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux de surface. Etude de cas : Barrage de Telesdit Wilaya de Bouira

Elhadj Mokhtari, Belkacem Merzouk, Yasmine Haltali, Wafa Djeddi. Apport des SIG et de la télédétection dans le suivi et l’évaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux de surface. Etude de cas : Barrage de Telesdit Wilaya de Bouira. 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24), 13 - 14 Octobre 2024, Université de M’Sila, Algérie.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2024-10-13), "Apport des SIG et de la télédétection dans le suivi et l’évaluation de la qualité physico-chimique des eaux de surface. Etude de cas : Barrage de Telesdit Wilaya de Bouira", [national] 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24), 13 - 14 Octobre 2024, Université de M’Sila , M'Sila, Algérie

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State of the art of the electrocoagulation technique in the field of wastewater treatment

Belkacem Merzouk. State of the art of the electrocoagulation technique in the field of wastewater treatment. 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24), 13 - 14 Octobre 2024, Université de M’Sila, Algérie
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2024-10-13), "State of the art of the electrocoagulation technique in the field of wastewater treatment", [national] 1er Séminaire National : Eau, Environnement et Energies renouvelables (SN3ER’24) , M'Sila

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2024-05-06

Treatment of textile wastewater with coagulation-flocculation process aided by a green flocculant - Opuntia ficus indica

In this study, the ability to remove a synthetic and a real textile wastewater using CF process with aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, ferric chloride (FeCl3), industrial (anion) flocculent and a mucilage of Opuntia ficus indica as a natural flocculant aid has been investigated.
In order to clarify the CF process, experiments were performed to study the effect of operating parameters such as initial pH (3.5 – 10.5), coagulant dosage (50 – 500 mg/L), initial concentration of the dye (50 – 1400 mg/L), conductivity (2.5 – 6.5 mS/cm), industrial flocculant (5 – 150 mg/L), natural coagulant (2– 60 mL/L), contact time (5 - 120 min) and mixing conditions (150 to 250 rpm for 2 and 3 min mixing time for coagulation phase, 30 – 60 rpm for 20 and 30 min mixing time for flocculation phase).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2024-05-06), "Treatment of textile wastewater with coagulation-flocculation process aided by a green flocculant - Opuntia ficus indica", [international] EDS Euromed 2024, Desalination for Clean Water and Energy , Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt

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2024-01-01

Etude de l'évolution de l'érosion du sol à l'aide de RUSLE, GIS et télédétection dans le bassin versant de Boussellam en Algérie

L’objectif de ce présent travail est d’estimer les pertes annuelles en sol au niveau du bassin versant de Boussellam dans le Nord-est de l’Algérie, par l’utilisation de l'équation universelle révisée des pertes en sol (RUSLE), le système d’information géographique (SIG), et la télédétection. Le modèle RUSLE a été employé pour modéliser les principaux facteurs impliqués dans le phénomène d’érosion.
Le bassin versant de Boussellam s’étend sur une superficie de 4151 Km2, de forme allongée et d’un relief faible. Il est caractérisé par une altitude qui varie de 189 m à 1757 m, avec une moyenne de 931 m et une pente oscillant entre 0 et 266 % avec une moyenne de 18 %. Les résultats montrent que le facteur d’érosivité R est en moyenne de 68 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an) avec une valeur maximale de 140 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an). Le facteur d’érodibilité des sols K varie de 0,04 à 0,21 avec une moyenne de 0.11 (t.h.ha)/(MJ.ha.mm). Le facteur topographique LS varie de 0 à 216 avec une moyenne de 16. La valeur moyenne du facteur P est de 0.77, et celle du facteur C est de 0.076.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2024-01-01), "Etude de l'évolution de l'érosion du sol à l'aide de RUSLE, GIS et télédétection dans le bassin versant de Boussellam en Algérie", [national] , 9786206701583

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2023-11-26

Study of the physicochemical quality of groundwater in the k'sob watershed in the south-eastern region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (Algeria)

Abstract
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, , (2023-11-26), "Study of the physicochemical quality of groundwater in the k'sob watershed in the south-eastern region of Bordj Bou Arreridj (Algeria)", [international] The 3rd Mediterranean Geosciences Union - Annual Meeting (MedGU-23) , Istanbul

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Flood susceptibility assessment by integrating approach of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and frequency ratio model in Chellif-Ghrib Watershed, Algeria

Abstract
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-11-26), "Flood susceptibility assessment by integrating approach of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and frequency ratio model in Chellif-Ghrib Watershed, Algeria", [international] The 3rd Mediterranean Geosciences Union - Annual Meeting (MedGU-23) , Istanbul

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Contribution of remote sensing and GIS in the study of the evolution of the vegetation cover in the Soummam catchment in Northeast Algeria

Contribution of remote sensing and GIS in the study of the evolution of the vegetation cover in the Soummam catchment in Northeast Algeria
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-11-26), "Contribution of remote sensing and GIS in the study of the evolution of the vegetation cover in the Soummam catchment in Northeast Algeria", [international] Mediterranean Geonciences Union MedGU'23 Istanbul , ISTANBUL

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2023-10-02

Treatment of wastewaters from food Aromsa and ingredients production by electrocoagulation (EC) treatment aided by mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica

The electrocoagulation (EC) treatment process was aided by the cladode mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) to improve chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency (%) of wastewater from a plant producing flavoring and food additives. The studied variables included initial pH, current density, types of electrodes (Fe and Al), mucilage concentration, and charge loading. The EC treatment using Al electrodes, assisted by an optimum concentration of 200 mg L-1 OFI mucilage, a current density of 60 A/m², and an initial pH equal to 3, improved the COD removal efficiency (69.77%) at an EC treatment time of 40 min. The EC operating costs, energy, and electrode consumptions values were equal to 3.809 US $/m3
, 0.810 kWh/kg COD removed, and 0.7898 kg/m3, respectively. However, no improvement was noted when Fe electrodes were used with or without adding OFI mucilage (under conditions of pH 6, current density of 50 A/m², and EC time of 120 min), and COD removal efficiency (%) was equal to 41.5%. The operational costs, energy and electrode consumptions were equal to 4.2201 US $/m3, 2.8 kWh/kg COD removal and 3.0964 kg/m3, respectively. The OFI mucilage could be used as a promising bio-coagulant with EC treatment using Al electrodes, to treat the plant producing flavoring and food additives wastewater.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Naima Djerroud-Mohellebi, Nawel Adjeroud-Abdellatif, Zahra Azzouz, Saliha Elabbas, Mehmet Kobya, Khodir Madani, , (2023-10-02), "Treatment of wastewaters from food Aromsa and ingredients production by electrocoagulation (EC) treatment aided by mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica", [national] Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development , PROFESSIONAL ASSOC CACTUS DEVELOPMENT

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2023-06-05

Sediment transport modeling using HEC-RAS software in the Oued Cheliff-Ghrib watershed

Abstract
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-06-05), "Sediment transport modeling using HEC-RAS software in the Oued Cheliff-Ghrib watershed", [international] The 7th International Symposium on Flash Floods in Wadi Systems , Tlemcen, Algérie

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Potential soil loss estimation using RUSLE, GIS and Remote Sensing in Boussellam basin in Northeast Algeria

This study aimed to estimate the annual soil loss in the Boussellam watershed in the northeast of Algeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing. RUSLE model has been used for modeling the main factors involved in erosive phenomena. This basin is characterized by an altitude ranging from 189 m to 1757 m, with an average of 931 m and a slope ranging between 0 and 266 % with an average of 18 %. Results showed that the average erosivity factor R is 68 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an) with a maximum value of 140 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an). The soil erodibility factor K ranges from 0.04 to 0.21 with an average of 0.11 (t.h.ha)/(MJ.ha.mm). The LS topographic factor ranges from 0 to 216 with an average of 16. The mean P factor is estimated to be 0.77, and the average C factor is 0.076. The combination of the different maps of these parameters made it possible to deduce the erosion map from which, it appears that the phenomenon of erosion mainly affects the northern part of the basin with an average of 258 (t/ha/year) for July 2015.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-06-05), "Potential soil loss estimation using RUSLE, GIS and Remote Sensing in Boussellam basin in Northeast Algeria", [national] The 7th International Symposium on Flash Floods in Wadi Systems , Tlemcen, Algérie

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2023-05-08

A comparative study of hydrogen peroxide oxidation and electrocoagulation using aluminum, iron, and zinc electrodes for urban sludge disintegration

Municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants produce large amounts of sludge containing high levels of organic, chemical, and microbial pollutants. Unless stabilized completely and discharged safely, they may become potential pollution sources threatening soil and water bodies. This study investigated H202 oxidation and electrocoagulation as pretreatments to improve stabilization of an urban sludge. The H202 oxidation was optimized with respect to H202 dosage and initial sludge pH-H2O2.
Batch electrocoagulation experiments were conducted using aluminum, iron, and zinc electrodes to investigate the effect of treatment period, current density, and pH. The effectiveness was compared in terms of solubilization of sludge, disintegration degree, and reduction of total solids. Sludge settling velocity after disintegration by both H202 oxidation and electrocoagulation were measured with respect to the operating conditions. The obtained results indicated that the high rate of sludge disintegration (63.3%) was obtained with aluminum electrodes, which has lower operating costs than iron and zinc electrodes. The H202 oxidation reached a maximum disintegration degree of 50%. Additionally, with aluminum and iron electrodes, sludge settleability was enhanced with both H202 oxidation and electrocoagulation.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-05-08), "A comparative study of hydrogen peroxide oxidation and electrocoagulation using aluminum, iron, and zinc electrodes for urban sludge disintegration", [national] Separation Science and Technology , TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC

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2023-05-03

Study of the evolution of soil erosion using RUSLE, GIS and remote sensing in Bousselam watershed, Algeria

The objective of this work is to study the evolution of soil erosion in the Boussellam watershed in the northeast of Algeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing. RUSLE model has been used for modeling the main factors involved in erosive phenomena. This basin covers an area of 4151 km² of elongated shape and low relief. It is characterized by an altitude ranging from 189 m to 1757 m, with an average of 931 m and a slope ranging between 0 and 266 % with an average of 18 %. Results showed that the average erosivity factor R is 68 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an) with a maximum value of 140 (MJ.mm/ha.h.an). The soil erodibility factor K ranges from 0.04 to 0.21 with an average of 0.11 (t.h.ha)/(MJ.ha.mm). The LS topographic factor ranges from 0 to 216 with an average of 16. The mean P factor is estimated to be 0.77, and the average C factor is 0.076. The combination of the different maps of these parameters made it possible to deduce the erosion map from which, it appears that the phenomenon of erosion mainly affects the northern part of the basin with an average of 258 (t/ha/year) for July 2015. These maps can be particularly useful in pinpointing potential areas of increased erosion risk underpinning targeted investigation and management action to support soil conservation for improved food and water security in this important watershed.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-05-03), "Study of the evolution of soil erosion using RUSLE, GIS and remote sensing in Bousselam watershed, Algeria", [international] The International Seminar Bioresources and Sustainable Development , Bouira, Algérie

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2023-03-20

Evaluation of the efficiency of coagulation-flocculation process for treatment of textile wastewater using a natural flocculant - Cactus Opuntia ficus indica

The use of natural flocculant in coagulation-flocculation (CF) treatment of wastewater shows many advantages over chemical agents, particularly biodegradability, low toxicity, low residual sludge production and low-cost. In this work, the ability to remove a synthetic and a real textile wastewater using CF process with aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, ferric chloride (FeCl3), industrial (anion) flocculent and a mucilage of Opuntia ficus indica as a natural flocculant aid has been investigated.
In order to clarify the CF process, experiments were performed to study the effect of operating parameters such as initial pH (3.5 – 10.5), coagulant dosage (50 – 500 mg/L), initial concentration of the dye (50 – 1400 mg/L), conductivity (2.5 – 6.5 mS/cm), industrial flocculant (5 – 150 mg/L), natural coagulant (2– 60 mL/L), contact time (5 - 120 min) and mixing conditions (150 to 250 rpm for 2 and 3 min mixing time for coagulation phase, 30 – 60 rpm for 20 and 30 min mixing time for flocculation phase).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2023-03-20), "Evaluation of the efficiency of coagulation-flocculation process for treatment of textile wastewater using a natural flocculant - Cactus Opuntia ficus indica", [international] European Congress on Chemistry and Applied Sciences , Rome, Italie

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2020

Effect of a natural coagulant extract from Opuntia ficus-indica cladode on electrocoagulationelectroflotation water treatment process

Opuntia ficus-indica: (OFI) cladode mucilage was extracted using conventional extraction (CE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), to test its effect on the efficiency of electrocoagulation- electroflotation (EC-EF) water treatment process. The mucilage was identified by biochemical assays, by scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM), and by Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The results showed that the UAE enhanced mucilage extraction yield. At 10 min of extraction time, the extraction yield attained 60.77 ± 1.07% at 60% of the amplitude sonication, while CE allows only 36.71 ± 1.07% after 60 min at 80 ⁰C. EC-EF mucilage-assisted process enhanced turbidity removal efficiency by 30% at 15 min of treatment time. Mucilage identification showed a bio-material, of a polysaccharide nature, with several functional groups through SEM, biochemical essays and ATR-FTIR, respectively. The addition of 5 mg/L OFI mucilage to EC-EF allowed 89.47% of EC-EF efficiency at 25 min.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Nawel Adjeroud-Abdellatif, Yasmina Hammoui, Asma Boudria, Salma Agab, Farid Choulak, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, Khodir Madani, , (2020), "Effect of a natural coagulant extract from Opuntia ficus-indica cladode on electrocoagulationelectroflotation water treatment process", [national] International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry , Taylor & Francis

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2019

Etude de l’applicabilité du procédé d’électrocoagulation pour le traitement de rejets textiles

In this study, we used the electrocoagulation technique for the treatment of a synthetic textile wastewater. This technique is applied to study the effect of certain operating parameters, such as initial pH, residence time (τ), current density (j) and electrode connection systems on the removal of a red nylosan dye (Acid Red 336) by using aluminum electrodes in a continuous electrochemical reactor. The efficiency of the technique is monitored by measuring turbidity, absorbance and specific electrical energy consumed. Reduction rates of 97 and 95% for absorbance and turbidity respectively were observed, when the current density j = 300 A/m², the electrode connection is monopolar parallel (MP-P), the initial concentration (Ci) is 50 mg/L, inlet flow rate Q = 15 L/h, treatment time t = 35 min and the initial pH = 8.06. The specific electrical energy consumption was 18.3 kWh per kilogram of removed dye.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, Mazour Mohamed, , (2019), "Etude de l’applicabilité du procédé d’électrocoagulation pour le traitement de rejets textiles", [international] 2ème Séminaire International sur l'Hydrogéologie et l'Environnement (SIHE’2019) , Université de Ouargla, Algérie

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Photovoltaic electrocoagulation treatment of a textile wastewater at high concentrations

The photovoltaic (PV) systems use the photo-physical properties of materials to create electricity directly from the photons of sunlight. The PV cells, usually quite small, typically generate between 60 and 200 W in full sunlight, depending on the technology and the size.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the operation of a continuous photovoltaic electrocoagulation process comprising an electrocoagulation part provided with aluminium electrodes and a settling zone, for the removal of a textile dye. More precisely the effect of the operating parameters has been followed, e.g. initial pH, initial concentration, residence time, current density, inlet flow rate, solar irradiance and energy consumption.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Billal Khemila, François Lapicque, , (2019), "Photovoltaic electrocoagulation treatment of a textile wastewater at high concentrations", [international] 9th International Water Association (IWA) Membrane Technology Conference & Exhibition for Water and Wastewater Treatment and Reuse , Toulouse - France

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Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLE model

The present study aims to estimate theannual soil loss in the Soummam watershed in the of Algeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), geographic information
system (GIS), and remote sensing (RS). RUSLE model has been used for modelling the main factors involved in erosive phenomena. The Soummam watershed covers a surface area of 9108.45 km2 of irregular shape, northeast –southwest towards southeast. It is characterized by an altitude varying between 2 m in the northeast and 2308 m in the northwest. Results showed that the average erosivity factor (R) is 70.64 (MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year) and the maximum value reaches 140 (MJ·mm)/(ha·h·year), the average soil erodibility factor (K) is 0.016 (t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm) and maximum values reach 0.0204 (t·h·ha)/(MJ·ha·mm) in the southeast regions of the watershed, the average slope length and steepness factor (LS) is 9.79 and the mean C factor is estimated to be 0.62. Thematic maps integration of different factors of RUSLE in GIS with their database, allowed with a rapid and efficient manner to highlight complexity and factors interdependence in the erosion risk analyses. The resulting map for soils losses, with an average erosion rate of 6.81 t/(ha·year) shows a low erosion (<7.41 t/(ha·year)) which covers 73.46% of the total area of the basin, and a medium erosion (7.42 to 19.77 t/(ha·year)), which represents 17.66% of the area. Areas with extreme erosion risk exceeding 32.18 t/(ha·year) cover more than 3.54% of the basin area. The results can certainly aid in implementation of soil management and conservation practices to reduce the soil erosion in the Soummam watershed.

Keywords: Soummam watershed; Soil erosion; Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation; Remote
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, youcef.sahli@univ-msila.dz, , (2019), "Mapping surface water erosion potential in the Soummam watershed in Northeast Algeria with RUSLE model", [international] Journal of Mountain Science , Editeur : Peng Cui

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2018

Les produits du terroir - Un outil du développement de l’Agriculture de Montagne", Chemini, Béjaia, 15 - 16 Décembre 2018

Ce séminaire permettra notamment de prendre le pouls de tout ce qui est en train de se réaliser par la communauté scientifique à travers le territoire national et international sur les produits du terroir.
Moyen de fixation des populations rurales, source d’employabilité et de divers intérêts économiques, les produits du terroir séduisent de plus en plus aussi bien les opérateurs que les consommateurs. Le panel d’experts nationaux et étrangers qui participeront à ce séminaire montre l’intérêt croissant que l’on accorde aux produits du terroir. Les nombreuses conférences à présenter à cette occasion (entre posters et communications orales) vont apporter diverses solutions au marasme que vivent actuellement le secteur agricole en général et l’agriculture de montagne en particulier.
Les thématiques à traiter sont la production végétale et animale, la transformation des produits agricoles, les produits agricoles à potentiel de labellisation, l’impact des changements climatiques sur la ressource en eau et l’irrigation et le machinisme agricole.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2018), "Les produits du terroir - Un outil du développement de l’Agriculture de Montagne", Chemini, Béjaia, 15 - 16 Décembre 2018", [international] Les produits du terroir - Un outil du développement de l’Agriculture de Montagne" , Chemini, Béjaia

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Élimination de l’acide rouge 336 d’une solution aqueuse par électrocoagulation continu : influence des modes de connexion des électrodes et du type de courant

Le but de cette étude est l'utilisation de la technique d’électrocoagulation pour le traitement d'un effluent synthétique de de textile, en étudiant l’effet de certains paramètres opératoires, tels que le pH initial, le temps de séjour (τ), la densité de courant (j), type d ecourant et les systèmes de connexion d'électrodes sur l'élimination d'un colorant rouge nylosan (Acid Red 336) en utilisant des électrodes en aluminium dans un réacteur électrochimique continu. L’efficacité de la technique est suivie en mesurant la turbidité, l’absorbance et l’énergie électrique spécifique consommée. Des taux de réduction égale à 97 et 95 % pour l’absorbance et la turbidité respectivement ont été observé pour le cas d'un courant continu, lorsque la densité de courant j = 300 A/m², la connexion des électrodes est monopolaire parallèle (MP-P), la concentration initiale (Ci) est de 50 mg/L, débit d'entrée Q = 15 L/h, temps de traitement t = 35 min et le pH initial = 8,06. La consommation spécifique d'énergie électrique était de 18,3 kWh par kilogramme de colorant enlevé.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Tiaiba Mohammed, Mazour Mohamed, , (2018), "Élimination de l’acide rouge 336 d’une solution aqueuse par électrocoagulation continu : influence des modes de connexion des électrodes et du type de courant", [international] 5ème Séminaire International sur l’Eau et l’Environnement (SIEE’2018) , Université de Chlef, Algérie

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Enhanced electrocoagulation-electroflotation for turbidity removal by Opuntia ficus indica cladode mucilage

The optimisation of the electrocoagulation-electroflotation (EC-EF) process assisted by the mucilage of the Opuntia ficus indica (OFI), on the turbidity removal was performed through the response surface methodology (RSM). For a solution of 300 mg/L of silica gel, high turbidity removal (93.14% 61.31) was obtained under the optimal conditions of 2.5 mg/L, 21.2 V, 9.65 and 2.61 mS/cm for the mucilage concentration, voltage, pH and conductivity, respectively, this experimental value was close to the predicted value of 92.96% 60.3. OFI mucilage increases turbidity removal efficiency and reduces specific energy consumption at a fixed current density. The turbidity removal of the EC-EF process was improved by 30.94% compared with the conventional EC–EF (EC–EF without OFI mucilage) which shows 62.02  61.45 of turbidity removal.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Naima Djerroud, Nawel Adjeroud, Lamia Felkai-Haddache, Yasmina Hammoui, Hocine Remini, Farid Dahmoune, Khodir Madani, , (2018), "Enhanced electrocoagulation-electroflotation for turbidity removal by Opuntia ficus indica cladode mucilage", [national] Water and Environmental Journal , WILEY

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Removal of a textile dye using photovoltaic electrocoagulation

The main objective of this study was to investigate the operation of a continuous photovoltaic electrocoagulation process (PVEC) comprising an electrocoagulation (EC) part provided with aluminum electrodes and a settling zone, for the removal of a textile dye: the overall EC cell had a volume of 8.5 L. The effect of the operating parameters has been followed, e.g. inlet pH and dye concentration, residence time, current density, solar irradiance and energy consumption. The results showed that when the inlet concentration was increased from 50 to 1400 mg/L and for the following operating conditions: current density ranging from 100 to 400 A/m² , inlet flow rate at 15 L/h, electrode gap of 1 cm, inlet pH near 7, the removal rates of the color and turbidity were decreased from 96% to 87% and from 96% to 93%, respectively. Use of the photovoltaic cell in the place of the electric supply allowed to reach more than 99% of elimination of turbidity and 95% of the color when the initial concentration of the dye was 1400 mg/L. The specific electrical energy consumption was found at 16 kWh per kilogram of removed dye for EC using direct current, and at comparable levels upon use of photovoltaic cells. The consumption of the electrodes is at comparable levels for the two sources of energy, respectively at 0.45 and 0.6 kg Al per kg of removed dye).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Billal Khemila, Rabah Zidelkhir, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, François Lapicque, , (2018), "Removal of a textile dye using photovoltaic electrocoagulation", [national] Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy , Elsevier

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Study of chemical coagulation conditions for a disperse red dye removal from aqueous solutions

Abstract. Coagulation process using aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3)and ferric chloride (FeCl3) was employed as a treatment method for decolorization of a synthetic textile wastewater containing red dye in this paper. Factors such as initial pH, coagulant dosage, initial concentration, conductivity and mixing conditions that influence color removal efficiency were experimentally tested. It was found that (Al2(SO4)3)is more efficient than FeCl3 as coagulant. When 40 mg/L aluminum sulfate was used, results showed that color induced by the red dye was efficiently removed (90 %) and was obtained in a large range of initial pH from 4 to 8 with, and for a dye concentration lower than 235 mg/L. After addition of the coagulant, the medium had to be mixed for 30 min at 60 rpm, then allowed to settle for 40 min. The effects of water conductivity in the range 0.035 - 2.42 mS/cm and dye concentration up to 380 mg/L were also followed and discussed.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Mohammed Tiaiba, Mohamed Mazour, , (2018), "Study of chemical coagulation conditions for a disperse red dye removal from aqueous solutions", [national] Membrane and Water Treatment , TECHNO-PRESS

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Effect of Opuntia ficus indica mucilage on copper removal from water by electrocoagulation-electroflotation technique

Electrocoagulation-electroflotation (EC-EF) process assisted with the mucilage of Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) plant was investigated in order to enhance copper removal efficiency. EC-EF tests with aluminum electrodes were conducted for the treatment of a synthetic copper solution of 100 mg/L, to estimate the influence of the mucilage on removal of copper metal ions, aluminum and hydrogen Faradaic yields, settling process and specific electrical energy consumption. It was mainly found that: (i) copper removal efficiency reached 100% in < 5 min with 30 mg/L OFI mucilage at pH 7.8; (ii) OFI mucilage affected aluminum and hydrogen Faradaic yields at high removal efficiencies; (iii) copper sludge settling rate rises with increasing mucilage concentrations, and was enhanced by 15%; (iv) OFI mucilage reduced specific energy consumption at a fixed current density along with removal efficiency increase. Furthermore, the formed flocs, in the presence or not of mucilage, were identified by scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM). This work promotes the use of OFI mucilage as an active natural coagulant aid for the removal of copper species from water, by suggesting the substitution of chemical coagulants that are often added to the EC-EF technique.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Nawel Adjeroud, Saliha Elabbas, Yasmina Hammoui, Lamia Felkai-Haddache, Hocine Remini, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, Khodir Madani, , (2018), "Effect of Opuntia ficus indica mucilage on copper removal from water by electrocoagulation-electroflotation technique", [national] Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry , ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA

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2017

Séminaire d’Echange National "aux Interfaces du Développement Durable" SENIDD, Université de Béjaia, 20 - 21 Décembre 2017

Ce séminaire est un rendez-vous important dans la construction d’une vision partagée de ce que les acteurs qui sont aux interfaces du développement durable peuvent apporter comme solutions et perspectives aux différents secteurs socio-économiques.
Il sera un temps d’échange et de construction entre les conférenciers et les communicants, mais aussi avec des décideurs des institutions participantes et la communauté universitaire.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2017), "Séminaire d’Echange National "aux Interfaces du Développement Durable" SENIDD, Université de Béjaia, 20 - 21 Décembre 2017", [national] Séminaire d’Echange National "aux Interfaces du Développement Durable" , Université de Béjaia

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Cartographie des risques d’érosion des sols dans le bassin versant Oued Soummam

The objective of this study is the quantification of the amount of soil erosion in the Soummam basin (Northeastern Algeria) using the Universal Soil loss Equation (USLE) integrated in a Geographical Information system ArcGIS.
The results obtained show that the soils of the Soummam basin undergo the effect of several factors supporting the phenomenon of erosion to knowing the importance of the slopes, vegetable cover and the erodibility of the soils. They also state that the basin is subjected to an erosion with losses varying from 22.5 to 300 t/ha/an. Weak losses below the tolerance level < 6.2 t/ha/an. This serious situation is supported by the factors of erosion which are also combined to accelerate erosion, the strong slopes (59.52% of the surface of the Soummam basin present a factor LS between 5 and 50), an alarming degradation of vegetable cover and 60 % of the soils show a factor K > 0.06.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, youcef.sahli@univ-msila.dz, , (2017), "Cartographie des risques d’érosion des sols dans le bassin versant Oued Soummam", [international] 6ème Colloque International Eau-Société-Climat , Université de Carthage - Tunisie.

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Etude du transport solide à l'estuaire du bassin versant de la Soummam par le logiciel HEC-RAS

The objective of this study is to define a methodology for the quantification of solid transport in a section of river (Sidi Aich - Béjaia) of the Soummam Wadi basin by the application of HEC-RAS.
Three functions of transport (Ackers-white, Engelund and Laursen) by using the function of evolution of the sedimentary bed of Exner and the sedimentation function of Ruby were tested for various risings. The found results were compared with another work in the literature and those observed by the hydrometric station of Sidi-Aich (ANRH).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2017), "Etude du transport solide à l'estuaire du bassin versant de la Soummam par le logiciel HEC-RAS", [international] 6ème Colloque International Eau-Société-Climat , Université de Carthage - Tunisie

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Effect of the electrodes connection mode and the recirculation of the effluent on elimination of a synthetic textile wastewater by electrocoagulation

During recent years studies carried out on textile dyes have shown that they are among the most toxic elements, including the long term effects of their toxicity, since they are carcinogenic and also very harmful for living beings. Indeed, in order to avoid this problem, attempts have been made with using efficient technologies to remove these dyes, or at least reach very low concentrations in industrial effluents. In this experimental work, we studied the elimination of the red nylosan dye present in the textile wastewater using electrocoagulation (EC) technique in continuous mode. In the first part, we studied the effect of current density and the connection mode of the electrodes (bipolar: BP, mono-polar in parallels: MP-P and monopolar in series: MP-S).
In the second part of this work, we were interested to the study of the influence of the recirculation of the effluent on the performances of the EC technique. We could conclude that the EC method is an efficient removal process within our operating conditions, especially with the (MP-P) mode.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Billal Khemila, Mohammed Tiaiba, Aicha Messaad, Meriem Abbas, , (2017), "Effect of the electrodes connection mode and the recirculation of the effluent on elimination of a synthetic textile wastewater by electrocoagulation", [international] 6th Maghreb Conference on Desalination and water Treatment (CMTDE 2017) , Hammamet – Tunisia

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Using geographic information system for mapping water erosion of wadi Sahel-Soummam Watershed’s soils (Algeria).

Soil erosion is a natural process which is undoubtedly widely responsible for the current geomorphology. The “soil erosion” term cannot be used in a threatened environment or
a damage that it is about accelerated erosion, beyond moderate rates, based on anthropogenic factors, which will cause loss of one or several functions of the soil. Detection of eroded soils, and so factors evaluations which control erosion and their characteristics, are complex tasks but can be resolved with integration of several data sources (spatial data, measures and investigation on the ground and satellite pictures) and geo-spatial treatment system such as geographic information system. There are several soil erosion models with different levels of complexity. Although a wide variety of models is available for erosion risk estimation, the majority requests many more data-sources than their application at a regional scale, becomes a problem. The well-known equation USLE (Wischmeier and Smith 1978) has been used because this is the model that requires less data sources and it has been widely applied to all scales (Fistikoglu et al. 2002). Basically, USLE has the advantage to supply long term average annual soil loss information from small areas and it is considered as an “appropriate model” if the goal of the modelling is to reach global estimations of soil erosion. However, the model is limited in the case it cannot simulate erosion of a deposit bed or gullies (Foster 1988).

Keywords
Erosion , Modeling , USEL ,SIG , Wadi sahel Soummam-Algeria
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Chikhi Taraq, Hamiche Mohamed Said, , (2017), "Using geographic information system for mapping water erosion of wadi Sahel-Soummam Watershed’s soils (Algeria).", [international] The 1st Euro-Mediteranean conference for Environmental integration(EMCEI). , Sousse Tunisie

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Influence of electrodes connection mode and type of current in electrocoagulation process on the removal of a textile dye

The main objective of this study was to investigate the operation of a continuous electrochemical reactor comprising an electrocoagulation part provided with aluminium electrodes and a settling zone, for the removal of a red nylosan dye (Acid Red 336). More precisely the effect of the operating parameters has been followed, e.g. initial pH, initial concentration (C0), residence time (τ), current density (j), inlet flow rate (Q), direct/alternating current (DC/AC) and electrode connection mode. Abatement yields between 87% and 96% for color and turbidity were observed with direct current, for dye concentration ranging from 100 mg/L to 1000 mg/L, at 300 A/m², for inlet flow rate Q = 15 L/h and 26 L/h. The specific electrical energy consumption was found at 9.5 kWh kg removed dye for direct current and monopolar connection. At the same current density, bipolar connection with four electrodes immersed is more effective than monopolar connection in terms of color and turbidity abatement, but with far larger energy consumption. The performance difference between the two modes at comparable energy consumption is discussed.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Mohammed Tiaiba, Abdallah Amour, Mohamed Mazour, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, François Lapicque, , (2017), "Influence of electrodes connection mode and type of current in electrocoagulation process on the removal of a textile dye", [national] Desalination and Water Treatment , DESALINATION PUBL

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2016

Removal of acid red 336 from aqueous solution by continuous electrocoagulation: influence of the electrode connection modes and type of current

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters, such as initial pH, initial concentration (C0), residence time (τ), current density (j), inlet flow rate (Q), direct/ alternating current (DC/AC) and electrode connection systems on the removal of a red nylosan dye (Acid Red 336) by EC process using aluminum electrode in a continuous electrochemical reactor.
A rate of abatement between 87 % and 96 % for color and turbidity was observed for the direct current, when the initial concentration of the dye C0 was ranged from 100 mg/L to 1000 mg/L, current density j = 300 A/m², conductivity κ = 2. 5 mS/cm, inlet flow rate Q = 15 L/h and 26 L/h, treatment time t = 30 min and initial pH ranged from 3.46 to 9. The specific electrical energy consumption was 9.5 kWh per kilogramme of removed dye for direct current and monopolar connection.
For the influence of electrodes connection modes, the results showed that bipolar connection is slightly more effective compared to monopolar connection (MP) in terms of abatement of the color and turbidity. But in terms of consumption of energy, the bipolar mode (BP) consumes more energy than the monopolar mode (20 kWh per kilogramme of removed dye).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Mohammed Tiaiba, Amour Abdallah, Mohamed Mazour, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, François Lapicque, , (2016), "Removal of acid red 336 from aqueous solution by continuous electrocoagulation: influence of the electrode connection modes and type of current", [international] Desalination for the Environment: Clean Water and Energy , Rome – Italy

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2015

Removal of reactive textile dye from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation in a continuous cell

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters, such as pH, initial concentration (Ci), residence time (τ), current density (j) inlet flow rate (Q) on the removal of a red nylosan dye by electrocoagulation (EC) process using aluminum electrode in a continuous electrochemical reactor. FTIR analysis was conducted to interpret the functional groups involved during the electrocoagulation process.
It was found that the increasing of the current density up to 100 A/m2 had increased the dye removal efficiency and the optimum inlet flow rate for EC process was the minimum at 15 L/h and it has increased the electrical energy consumption. A rate of abatement of about 90 % for turbidity and 97 % for the color was observed, when the initial concentration of the dye Ci was lower than 300 mg/L, current density j = 300 A/m², conductivity κ = 2.54 mS/cm, inlet flow rate Q = 15 L/h, residence time τ = 35 min and initial pH ranged from 2.3 to 8.8. The specific electrical energy consumption (Edye) was 19.46 kWh per kilogramme of removed dye.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Abdallah Amour, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, François Lapicque, , (2015), "Removal of reactive textile dye from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation in a continuous cell", [international] Euromed 2015, Desalination for Clean Water and Energy , Palermo – Italy

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Improvement of electrocoagulation-electroflotation treatment of effluent by addition of Opuntia ficus indica pad juice

The aim of this study is the optimization of the effect of Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) pad juice on the electrocoagulation–electroflotation (EC–EF) water treatment process by response surface methodology (RSM). To estimate the efficiency of EC–EF technique assisted by Opuntia ficus indica pad juice, preliminary tests were conducted. The results obtained after RSM optimization for initial OFI pad juice volume, initial pH and initial conductivity were 0.016 mL/L, 8.2, and 3.04 mS/cm, respectively. Maximum predicted turbidity removal efficiency (TR %) under the optimized conditions was 87% ± 0.8, this predicted value was close to the experimental value of 86.9% ± 0.1. Compared to the conventional EC–EF (EC without OFI juice addition), which shows 71.9% of turbidity removal, the optimized cactus juice assisted EC–EF allows a turbidity removal enhancement of 15.1%. These results indicate suitability and validation of the employed model and the success of RSM in optimizing the EC–EF treatment conditions.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Ajeroud Nawel, Dahmoune Farid, Leclerc Jean-Pierre, Madani Khodir, , (2015), "Improvement of electrocoagulation-electroflotation treatment of effluent by addition of Opuntia ficus indica pad juice", [national] Separation and Purification Technology , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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2014

Diagnostic de la qualité physicochimique des eaux de l’Oued K'sob – Algérie

La présente étude est une contribution à la connaissance de l'état de l’environnement de l’Oued K’sob. Elle s’intéresse à la qualité de l’eau, utilisée principalement dans l’irrigation des cultures aux bords de l’Oued et dans toute la périphérie de la ville de M'sila. L’analyse des résultats obtenus a montré l’existence d’une graduation du degré de pollution croissante de l’amont vers l’aval. La 5ème station est la plus affectée et cela en raison de quantité importante en eau usée domestique ainsi qu’au volume élevé d’effluents industriels déversés. La présence d’espèces algales en aval de l’Oued est un signe révélateur de la présence d’une pollution organique (DBO5 et DCO élevées).
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Oussama Bensellama, Abdallah Amour, , (2014), "Diagnostic de la qualité physicochimique des eaux de l’Oued K'sob – Algérie", [national] Journal International Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (JISTEE) , l’!ssociation Scientifique et Technique pour l’Eau et l’Environnement en Tunisie (!STEETunisie) ISSN 1737-6688

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L’état qualitatif et quantitatif des ressources en eau de la wilaya de Béjaia

This paper proposes to establish a diagnosis of the quantitative status of water the province of Bejaia, and monitoring the quality of two important resources (Soummam river and its alluvial aquifer), by measuring of some physicochemical parameters (DO, SS, SO4, NO3-, Cl-) . We selected 09 stations for Soummam River and 33 sampling points for its slick. The results show that the province is characterized by a high water wealth (960 H3/year) but very random. The analysis results show that the stream of Soummam is exposed to a heavy pollution by domestic and industrial wastewaters. In 09 stations, waters are in a very bad quality for COD levels (278.35 <COD < 1168 mg/l), SS (> 163 mg/l), of NO2 - (> 1.3 mg/l), of SO4 (> 772.2 mg/l), Cl- (>150 mg/l), of PO4 3 - (> 0.2 mg/l) and turbidity (varies between 183 and 647 mg/l). This caused the decrease in DO concentration to < 5 mg/l. For groundwater, the results show that the waters of the alluvial aquifer of Soummam are exposed to pollution from sulfates.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Bir Hassiba, Madani Khodir, , (2014), "L’état qualitatif et quantitatif des ressources en eau de la wilaya de Béjaia", [national] Eau et Climat au Maghreb , http://eau-climat-maghreb.net/Réseau Eau et Climat

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2013

Direct Red 81 dye removal by a continuous flow electrocoagulation/flotation reactor

Direct red 81 (DR 81) dye removal by electrocoagulation /flotation process using aluminum electrode was studied in a continuous electrochemical reactor. The designed reactor includes an electrochemical cell and a sludge separation cell. The effect of operating parameters such as current density and inlet flow rate (Q) on the dye, COD, suspended concentration (SS) and turbidity removal and aluminum dissolution rate were studied and the electrical energy consumption was calculated. The EC formed sludge has been investigated and the influence of current density and inlet flow rate on it has been studied. It was found that the increasing of the current density up to 200 A/m² had increased the dye removal efficiency and the optimum inlet flow rate for EC process was the minimum at 10 l/h and it has increased the electrical energy consumption. Current efficiency (Faradic yield) was strongly depending on flow rates and current densities. SEEC was proportionally independent of the inlet flow rate. On the contrary a decrease in the electrical energy consumption EEC is observed when the inlet flow rate increases. Despite the increasing of the inlet flow rate, the specific electrical energy consumption remained at 52–58 kW h/kg Al at 150 A/m². The total formed sludge was corresponding with increasing applied current density.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Salim Zodi, Olivier Potier, François Lapicque, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, , (2013), "Direct Red 81 dye removal by a continuous flow electrocoagulation/flotation reactor", [national] Separation and Purification Technology , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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2012

Study of an electrocoagulation (EC) unit for the treatment of industrial effluent of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

The assessment of industrial liquid waste of Ouagadougou shows 91262 m3/yr total quantity of effluent composed mainly of tannery effluent. Treatment experiment by EC of these effluents allowed to eliminate chromium and to lower COD up to 86% abatement. The process designed for the treatment of liquid waste from tannery works at 10.5 m3/hr for current density of 67.5 A/m², 62.5 V, 1.2 kWh/m3 energy consumption, and produces 86,000 m3 of clear water with 200 mg/L COD, 0 turbidity, 91% color abatement, 0 ppm chromium. The treatment produces nearly 480 m3/yr of sludge after compression using filter-press and 216 T of dry matter containing chromium and iron hydroxides, organic and inorganic pollutants.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Inoussa Zongo, Kalifa Palm,, Joseph Wéthé,, Amadou Hama Maïga, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, François Lapicque, , (2012), "Study of an electrocoagulation (EC) unit for the treatment of industrial effluent of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso", [national] Advances in Applied Science Research , Pelagia Research Library

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2011

Separation of heavy metals using the electroflotation technique

The operation of many industrial plants requires the use of an enormous quantity of water, and the urgency of finding ways to decontaminate effluents has resulted in the development and application of electroflotation in wastewater treatment.
Electroflotation (EF) is a separation technology that employs electrolytic gas generation to remove hydrophobic and particulate materials from aqueous suspension. It is similar to alternatives such as dissolved air flotation (DAF) and induced air flotation (IAF), which relies on the production of fine bubble dispersions (0 to 100 m) to float away materials, except that this case the gas bubbles are produced by the electrolysis of water.

In this paper, electroflotation (EF) with aluminum electrodes was applied to a model solution of wastewater. In a first part, we have studied the principal parameters (applied voltage U, inter-electrode distance D and duration of the treatment T) affecting the process.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, (2011), "Separation of heavy metals using the electroflotation technique", [national] ANDRU , ANDRU

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Removal of a disperse red dye from synthetic wastewater by chemical coagulation and continuous electrocoagulation.A comparative study

The effectiveness of chemical coagulation (CC) was compared to electrocoagulation (EC) with aluminium electrodes for decolourization purpose of a synthetic textile wastewater containing a disperse red dye. For CC, ferric chloride FeCl3 and aluminium sulphate Al2(SO4)3 as the coagulant were compared: the respective effects of initial pH, coagulant dosage, initial dye concentration, ionic strength and mixing conditions were investigated in order to maximize decolourization yield. The comparison between CC and EC is based on recently published data on EC by the same authors. Experimental results showed first that Al2(SO4)3 was far more effective than FeCl3 for colour removal using CC, regardless of operating conditions. A removal yield higher than 90% could be achieved with a 40 mg/L dose of Al2(SO4)3 18H2O in a large range of pH from 4 to 8 and for a dye concentration up to 235 mg/L. The removal yield could however be enhanced up to 95% using EC for pH values between 6 and 9 at the expense of higher operating costs. Nevertheless, EC presented the additional advantages to be more robust against pH change and to reduce simultaneously equipment costs in comparison to CC.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Bouchaib Gourich, Khodir Madani, Christophe Vial, Abdelkader Sekki, , (2011), "Removal of a disperse red dye from synthetic wastewater by chemical coagulation and continuous electrocoagulation.A comparative study", [national] Desalination , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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Effect of modification of textile wastewater composition on electrocoagulation efficiency

This paper deals with the efficiency of electrocoagulation (EC) for the abatement of COD, TOC, absorbance (i.e. color) and turbidity from a real textile wastewater, a pure red dye solution (disperse dyes 2-naphthoic acid and 2-naphthol) and a solution combining the two above fluids. The treatment of the dyestuff solution is satisfactory with high levels of color and organic pollution abatement. The treatment of the industrial waste is less efficient. Treatment of the solution combining the two above fluids allows to investigate whether the removal of several polluting matters by electrocoagulation could be considered as the superimposition of the various treatments of single-species effluents, in sort of additivity principle, as presented in an original model for the treatment of two-pollutant waste. Turbidity and TOC were shown to be additive variables in the treatment of the dye solution and the industrial textile waste: electrocoagulation seems to proceed with no interaction between the two types of matter to be removed, namely the dye stuff, and the lot of pollutants contained in the industrial waste.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Mohamed Yakoubi, Inoussa Zongo, Jean-Pierre leclerc, Gerard Paternotte, Steve Pontvianne, François Lapicque, , (2011), "Effect of modification of textile wastewater composition on electrocoagulation efficiency", [national] Desalination , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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2010

Using electrocoagulation–electroflotation technology to treat synthetic solution and textile wastewater, two case studies

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters, such as pH, initial concentration (Ci), duration of treatment (t), current density (j), interelectrode distance (d) and conductivity (κ) on the treatment of a synthetic wastewater in the batch electrocoagulation (EC)–electroflotation (EF) process. The optimal operating conditions were determined and applied to a textile wastewater. Initially a batch-type EC–EF reactor was operated at various current densities ranging from 11.55 to 91.5 mA/cm² and various electrode gaps (1, 2 and 3 cm). For solutions with 300 mg/L of silica gel, good turbidity removal (89.6%) was obtained without any coagulant when the current density was 11.55 mA/cm² and with initial pH at 7.6, conductivity at 2.1 mS/cm: the treatment time was hold for 10 min and the electrode gap was 1 cm. Application of the optimal operating parameters on a textile wastewater showed a high removal efficiency for the following variables: suspended solid (SS) 85.5%, turbidity 76.2%, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) 88.9%, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 79.7%, and color over 93%.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Khodir Madani, Abdelkrim Sekki, , (2010), "Using electrocoagulation–electroflotation technology to treat synthetic solution and textile wastewater, two case studies", [national] Deasalination , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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2009

Epuration des effluents industriels par électroflottation

L’utilisation de l’électricité comme mode direct de traitement des effluents est un domaine en pleine expansion. En effet, la diminution du prix de l’électricité couplée aux facilités d’automatisation de tels procédés rendent ces techniques plus attractives, particulièrement lors de la mise en place de petites unités de traitement. Dans ce travail, un modèle réduit d'électroflottation conçu et réalisé au laboratoire, traite à différentes tensions (10, 15, 20 et 25 V volts) tout en modulant la distance entre les électrodes (1, 2 et 3 cm), pour optimiser les paramètres de traitement (temps de traitement, écart entre les électrodes, tension d'alimentation). L'application des paramètres optimisés
solutions artificielles (eau et gel de silice) sur les eaux de rejets du complexe industriel ALCOVEL d'Akbou a montré, une réduction de la demande biologique en oxygène (DBO5), la demande chimique en oxygène DCO, la turbidité, les MES et de la couleur de 93.5 %, 90.3 %, 78.7 %, 93.3 % et plus de 93%, respectivement. Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons étudié la séparation de quelques métaux lourds tels que le fer, le nickel, le cuivre le zinc, le plomb et le cadmium. Cela nous a permet de montrer que le taux d'épuration atteint les 99 % et la cinétique d'électroflottation ne dépasse pas les 15 minutes.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Madani Khodir, Sekki Abdelkrim, , (2009), "Epuration des effluents industriels par électroflottation", [national] Revue Synthèse , ISSN – 1114 – 4924

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Removal turbidity and separation of heavy metals using electrocoagulation–electroflotation technique. A case study

The electrocoagulation (EC) process was developed to overcome the drawbacks of conventional wastewater treatment technologies. This process is very effective in removing organic pollutants including dyestuff wastewater and allows for the reduction of sludge generation. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of the operating parameters, such as pH, initial concentration (C0), duration of treatment (t), current density (j), interelectrode distance (d) and conductivity (k) on a synthetic wastewater in the batch electrocoagulation–electroflotation (EF) process. The optimal operating conditions were determined and applied to a textile wastewater and separation of some heavy metals. Initially a batch-type EC–EF reactor was operated at various current densities (11.55, 18.6, 35.94, 56.64, 74.07 and 91.5 mA/cm²) and various interelectrode distance (1, 2 and 3 cm). For solutions with 300 mg/L of silica gel, high turbidity removal (89.54%) was obtained without any coagulants when the current density was 11.55 mA/cm², initial pH was 7.6, conductivity was 2.1 mS/cm, duration of treatment was 10 min and interelectrode distance was 1 cm. The application of the optimal operating parameters on a textile wastewater showed a high removal efficiency for various items: suspended solid (SS) 86.5%, turbidity 81.56%, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) 83%, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 68%, and color over 92.5%. During the EC process under these conditions, we have studied the separation of some heavy metal ions such as iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) with different initial concentrations in the range of 50–600 mg/L and initial pH between 7.5 and 7.8. This allowed us to show that the kinetics of electrocoagulation–electroflotation is very quick (<15 min), and the removal rate reaches 95%.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Bouchaib Gourich, Abdelkrim Sekki, Khodir Madani, Mohamed Chibane, , (2009), "Removal turbidity and separation of heavy metals using electrocoagulation–electroflotation technique. A case study", [national] Journal of Hazardous Materials , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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Studies on the decolorization of textile dye wastewater by continuous electrocoagulation process

The performance of a continuous electrocoagulation (EC) process was investigated for decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement of a synthetic textile wastewater using aluminum electrodes. The effects of the relevant wastewater characteristics such as conductivity, influent pH and inlet dye concentration, but also of the key operating conditions such as current density and residence time were studied in order to optimize process performance. The results showed that color induced by a red dye was effectively removed (with a removal yield higher than 85%) for wastewater with a COD of 2500 mg/L and a dye concentration lower than 200 mg/L when pH ranged from 6 to 9, residence time was 14 min, current density was 31.25 mA/cm² and water conductivity was 2.4 mS/cm for an inter-electrode distance of 1 cm. Under these conditions, the COD abatement was also higher than 80%.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Bouchaib Gourich, Abdelkader Sekki, Khodir Madani, Christophe Vial, M. Barkaoui, , (2009), "Studies on the decolorization of textile dye wastewater by continuous electrocoagulation process", [national] Chemical Engineering Journal , ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA

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2008

Treatment characteristics of textile wastewater and removal of heavy metals using the electroflotation technique

The present work experimentally studied the clarification of wastewater using the electroflotation technique (EF) with aluminum electrodes. In the first part, we have studied the principal parameters (feed tension U, distance between electrodes D, period of treatment t, pH and conductivity κ) affecting the process using a simulated model of wastewater. The application of the optimized parameters (U = 20 V, D = 1 cm, t = 20 min) on an industrial wastewater derived from an Algerian velvet manufacture showed a high removal of biological oxygen demand after 5 days (BOD5 = 93.5%), chemical oxygen demand (COD = 90.3%), turbidity (78.7%), suspended solids (SS = 93.3%) and color (>93%). In the second part, we have studied the separation of some heavy metal ions such as iron, nickel, copper, zinc, lead and cadmium. This allowed us to show that the kinetics of electroflotation is very quick <15 min), and the removal rate reaches 99%.
Citation

M. MERZOUK Belkacem, Khodir Madani, Abdelkrim Sekki, , (2008), "Treatment characteristics of textile wastewater and removal of heavy metals using the electroflotation technique", [national] Desalination , ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

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