M. ROUABHI Riyadh

This practical workbook (PW Fundamental Electronics and Electrotechnics 1) is intended for students in the second year of their bachelor's degree (Electrotechnics, Electromechanics, Renewable Energies and Environment, Automation) at the Mohamed Boudiaf University in M'sila, Algeria. Its aim is to provide them with a working document that will enable them to validate the concepts taught in the lectures and tutorials of Electronics 1 and Electrotechnics 1 and to facilitate their practical application in experimental manipulations. It will also enable them to acquire the necessary know-how to use the equipment and the various measuring instruments used correctly and to gain a good understanding of the methods used. For this reason, the preparation of the practical work must be taken seriously and be the subject of particular attention on the part of the students, in order to obtain the maximum benefit from it without damaging the equipment placed at their disposal. All the sections presented in this document were carried out at the Bidaghogic Electrical Engineering Laboratory of the Mohamed Boudiaf University in M'sila.

In this paper we present the modelling of the wind turbine and develop a new Maximum Power Extraction (MPPT) technique applied to our turbine to maximise the power collector at low wind speeds. The simulations have been carried out using Matlab/Simulink software. The results of the numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the new MPPT controller in achieving these objectives. The simulation results show that the variation of the mechanical speed is adapted to that of the wind. It can also be seen that the specific speed follows the imposed optimum reference and the power coefficient follows the desired maximum power coefficient. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented control.

This paper proposes a strategy for robust control of the wind turbine using a double-fed induction machine (DFIM) controlled by the park transformation, which allows control commands to be applied to the generated power. By orienting the stator flux, the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIM can be decoupled. The proposed control utilises a combination of sliding mode control and fuzzy logic with 12 linguistic variables. This approach effectively addresses modelling uncertainties in both the generator and wind turbine, resulting in improved performance and production quality in this domain. Simulation results will demonstrate the advantages of this approach over the classic setting.

This paper focuses on developing two innovative induction motor (IM) control techniques. These techniques are based on the hybridization of Lyapunov theory (sliding mode) and artificial intelligence (type 1 and type 2 fuzzy logic). We will then compare these two control techniques to determine which is more robust. This comparative analysis will be based on a series of tests that we have carried out, covering the system's transient and steady-state operations under identical conditions. The first test involves observing the simulation results obtained by applying these control techniques to the motor to control the generated mechanical power. This qualitative comparison enables these controls to be evaluated for and without the application of external variations. The second test quantifies the different control laws based on quantified measurements, highlighting the performance of each technique in terms of error and time. This test is called a quantitative comparison. Finally, the last examination involves altering the machine parameters, as these values naturally experience fluctuations caused by diverse physical phenomena like inductance saturation and heating of the resistors. This comparison enables the robustness of the control techniques to be assessed.

This paper presents a novel hybrid type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control approach for regulating active and reactive power exchanged with the utility grid by a doubly-fed induction generator in a wind energy conversion system. The main objective of this hybridization is to eliminate the steady-state chattering phenomenon inherent in sliding mode control while improving the transient delays caused by type-2 fuzzy controllers. In addition, the proposed control approach has proven to be successful in coping with varying generator parameters and exhibited good reference tracking. An in-depth comparative study with state-of-the-art advanced control techniques is also the focus of the present paper. The comparative study has three objectives, namely: a qualitative comparative study that aims to compare response times and reference tracking capabilities; a quantitative evaluation that takes into account time-integrated performance criteria; and finally, robustness capabilities. The simulation results, carried out in the Matlab/Simulink environment, have demonstrated the effectiveness and best performance of the proposed hybrid type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control with respect to other advanced techniques included in the comparison study.

The doubly fed induction machine (DFIM)has generated significant attention, particularly as a generator in the field of renewable energies.Indeed, through this presentation, we will explore the reasons for this notable interest by beginning with a description of the machine's structure, detailing its various operating modes and commonly used configurations,while also discussing its advantages and disadvantages. We will then proceed to address the modeling in motor and generator modes, aiming to understand the behavior of this type of machine in its different operating regimes, potentially during its control.

In this work, we are going to develop new control technique based on the orientation of the stator flux with type 2 fuzzy control controllers, to apply to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) to solve the parametric variation problems to obtain robust performance in the parametric or external variation point, this motor driven by the stator variables through two converters the main function of these converters in the system under consideration is to connect our permanent magnet synchronous motor to the electrical network in two different ways: one on the network-side converter, which will enable continuous bus control and improve the network-side power factor; the other, on the motor-side converter, which will enable control and optimisation of the energy flow generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor during periods of motor operation. In the first part we have modelled the motor and its converters. In the second part, we have developed the necessary command to control the mechanical power (speed, torque) produced by this motor in order to ensure optimum yield and production quality. The numerical simulation results obtained during the application of the type 2 fuzzy Logic control on our machine show the effectiveness of this implemented control.

In this work, we present the wind regions in Algeria and how to exploit them through the establishment of wind energy plants. First, we talk about the history of this energy in Algeria. Then we talk about the economic advantages of this energy in providing services to isolated rural residents, especially in the southern regions. It also allows sustainable development with limited impact on the environment, which contributes to preserving our fossil resources. Then secondly, we present the areas famous for strong and constant wind speeds throughout the year and production stations. The energy distributed from it, and finally we present the latest numbers and statistics on the production of this energy in Algeria.

A several diagnostic methods used to evaluate and detect any potential issues or faults in the transformer before they cause significant problems. The research proposal focuses on employing the SFRA (Sweep Frequency Response Analysis) technique, renowned for its exceptional sensitivity and diagnostic capabilities.
This method serves to identify the mechanical integrity of the transformer's core, winding distortion, and clamping structures by analyzing their electrical transfer functions across a broad frequency spectrum. By utilizing SFRA, the study aims to accurately predict the internal physical condition of the transformer, making
it a highly effective and reliable indicator for assessing its overall health. The motivation of this present work is using all experiments of SFRA were conducted and validated on a three-phase 30kV/0.4KV voltage transformer with 50kVA at the laboratory of Msila university. The result of these experiments is presented and
discussed in terms of interpretation the analyses based on different standards

Robust Sliding Mode Control of Mechanical Power Produced by an Induction MOTOR (IM)

In this work, we will develop a robust control algorithm known for its stability and robustness, this control is based on the theory of lyapunov applied to the induction motor to obtain robust performance in the point of parametric or external variation, this machine driven by stator variables through two bidirectional converters. In the first part we have modelled the machine and its converters. In the second part, we developed the control system needed to control the mechanical power (speed, torque) produced by this machine. The numerical simulation results obtained by applying this control to our machine show the effectiveness of the control developed.

More recently, an optimization method called PSO "particle swarm optimization", inspired by swarm intelligence, has attracted researchers and been exploited in different fields of technology optimization. This method has become more and more popular. It is characterized by a decentralized way of working that imitates the behavior of swarms of social insects, masses of birds, or schools of fish. As part of this work, we try to apply the PSO algorithm to determine the optimum parameters (𝐾𝑝, 𝐾𝑖 and 𝐾𝑑 ) of the PID regulator while visualizing our objective function which we seek to minimize the error between the input signal and the output signal. The proposed method was more robust, flexible and effective in terms of dynamic performance like reducing peak overshoot, rise time, response time and static error.

Au cours des dernières années, Les entraînements à vitesse variable représentent un domaine multidisciplinaire en génie électrique, qui regroupe les connaissances de plusieurs secteurs: machines électriques, électronique de puissance, théorie de la commande, microcontrôleurs et microprocesseurs,... etc. En effet, La plupart des processus industriels font largement appel à des moteurs électriques pour assurer l’entraînement. Depuis le début des années soixante, la machine à courant continu occupe une place prépondérante dans le domaine des asservissements de position de précision. De plus, ce type d’actionneur présente des inconvénients majeurs du fait de son coût élevé, ses limitations en puissance et en vitesse de rotation, ...etc. Ainsi, les machines à courant alternatif ont remplacé les machines à courant continu, grâce à leurs simplicités de construction et au bon rapport entre le volume et la puissance. Parmi ces machines, la machine asynchrone double étoile (MASDE), qui présente plusieurs avantages, tels que: segmentation de puissance, minimisation des ondulations du couple et des pertes rotoriques, réduction des courants harmoniques, grande fiabilité et forte puissance, ...etc, et dans le but d’assurer une motorisation électrique pour des applications de grande puissance, telles que la traction ferroviaire ou la propulsion navale à titre d‘exemple, il est souvent nécessaire de segmenter la puissance. Pour cela, on peut agir au niveau du convertisseur, grâce à des techniques multi-niveaux. L’utilisation des onduleurs classiques à deux niveaux dans le domaine des applications de forte puissance ne convient pas, car ces applications exigent des composants électroniques capables de supporter une forte tension inverse et un courant élevé.

In this work, we are going to develop two control techniques based on the orientation of the stator flux with different controllers, namely: type 1 fuzzy control, type 1 adaptive fuzzy control to apply to the permanent magnet synchronous machine to solve the parametric variation problems to obtain robust performance in the parametric or external variation point, this machine driven by the stator variables through two converters. In the first part we have modelled the machine and its converters. In the second part, we have developed the necessary commands to control the mechanical power (speed, torque) produced by this machine, we have carried out a comparative study between the two control systems developed. The numerical simulation results obtained during the application of the type 1 adaptive fuzzy control on our machine show the effectiveness of this implemented control.

Nowadays, many industry segments need dual star induction motors (DSIM) are one of widely used motor. Such segmented structures are very attractive for high-power applications since they allow the use of lower rating power electronic devices at a switching frequency higher than the one usually used in three-phase AC machine drives. In order to ensure an effective control of DSIM, several methods have been proposed. An alternative solution is the use of Direct Rotor-Field-Oriented Control (DFOC) is modern technique for high performance control of inverter fed DSIM. To achieve a variable speed operation a power electronics inverter can be used. This method enables the control of field and torque of the DSIM independently (decoupling) by manipulating the corresponding field oriented quantities. Fuzzy logic is a scheme used in artificial intelligence and widely utilized in different areas including the control and the automation. The application of interval type-2 fuzzy logic has been a success and it is able to control machines with measurement uncertainties. Does not need a detailed model, interval type-2 fuzzy logic controllers are one of useful control schemes to adjust the speed, torque and stator flux of DSIM. In the aim to improve the performance of the electrical drives based on traditional DFOC, fuzzy logic direct oriented control attracts more and more the attention of many scientists the configuration and design of the fuzzy Logic controller for the direct field oriented based control of DSIM. The purpose of this work is to provide a DFOC-interval type-2 fuzzy logic for dual star induction motor. The suggested interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller outperforms the traditional PI controller, according to the simulation study for highperformance control of the DSIM drive.

In this work we propose to applies the hydropower system from drinking water distribution creates a closed loop system uses as a storage energy and water at the moment of blackout.

This paper presents a reliable control technique for the doubly-fed induction generator used in the wind energy conversion system, where the stator flux direction is used to separate the active and reactive power produced by the DFIG. It is possible to maximise the energy output (efficiency) using the proposed control, which combines sliding mode control with type-2 fuzzy logic. This technique is resistant to the modelling uncertainties of the generator and the wind turbine. Finally, simulation on Matlab/Simulink was used to evaluate and compare the performance of the system in terms of compliance and robustness to DFIG parameter variations.

More recently, an optimisation method called "curve fitting", inspired by error minimisation, has attracted researchers and has been used in various areas of optimisation. This method has become increasingly popular. It is based on the principle of least squares, i.e. minimising the sum of errors. As part of this work, we try to apply the curve fitting algorithm to determine the best curves in general cases (linear and non-linear), while visualising our objective function, which we seek to minimise the error between the experimental signal and the estimated signal. The proposed method was more robust, flexible and efficient in terms of dynamic performance such as reduction in peak overshoot, rise time, response time and static error.

In this paper, we will develop an adaptive control algorithm applied to the wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a double-fed induction machine (DFIM) driven by a turbine with variable blade pitch, and controlled through the rotor variables by two bidirectional converters. The main function of these converters in the considered system is the connection of the wind generator to the power grid in two different ways: one on the grid side converter which will allow continuous bus control and improve the power factor on the grid side; the other, on the converter on the rotor side, which will allow the control and optimization of the energy flow generated by the stator during the periods of operation of this system. In the first part we presented the individual modeling of the wind turbine chain, then we presented and developed the controls necessary to control the active and reactive powers produced by this system in order to ensure optimum performance and production quality.

The control of the doubly-fed induction motor is a complex operation because of this motor characterised by a non-linear multivariable dynamics, having settings that change over time and a significant link between the mechanical component and magnetic behavior (flux) (speed and couple). This article then proposes a new strategy of a robust control of this motor, which is decoupled due to the stator flux’s direction. The proposed control is integrated with the backstepping control which based on Lyapunov theory; this approach consists in
constructively designing a control law of nonlinear systems by considering some state variables as being virtual commands, and the important branch of artificial intelligence type-2 fuzzy logic. The hybrid control backstepping-fuzzy logic consists in replacing the regulators applied to the backstepping control by regulators based on type-2 fuzzy logic. This control will be evaluated by numerous simulations where there is a parametric and non-parametric variation.

The study shown in this paper is concerned with the two-star asynchronous motor, and this motor is from the family of six-phase induction
motors, which has many advantages in the industrial world. The featured in this article is the mathematical model of the double star motor by
adopting the spatial harmonics of the inductance distribution on the squirrel-cage rotor bars and calculating the different inductances following the
modified winding function approach (MWFA). Then we care about the control systems for this motor, especially the PWM command, by controlling a
hexagonal inverter that feeds the DSAM. Finally, we make a preferential comparison between the two types of direct and indirect PWM control
according to various operating circumstances, including load, torque, and speed fluctuations, considering the impact of spatial harmonics, to find out
the best between them for this type of engine.

The main idea of this work is to exploit the "BACKSTEPPING" technique based on Lyapunov’s theory for the control of nonlinear systems. This approach consists of constructively designing a control law for nonlinear systems by considering some state variables as being virtual controls, and designing intermediate control laws for them. Some internal variables are sometimes inaccessible to measurement or expensive to measure, hence the introduction of observers based on the same principle. Finally, an application of this approach on a multi-input / multi-output nonlinear system, represented by an induction motor, was made. This procedure makes it possible to obtain in an instructive way a control law which ensures the stability of the closed loop system by presenting remarkable dynamic performances as well as a good robustness vis-à-vis the deviations of the parameters of the motor.

This paper presents a comparative study of sliding mode control, hybrid sliding type-1 fuzzy logic and hybrid sliding type-2 fuzzy logic applied on the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). We used different criteria in this comparison: qualitative, quantitative and robust during the transient and permanent operation of the system. In this article, we present a new sliding mode control strategy applied to the PMSM, this control combines sliding mode and fuzzy logic (type-1 and type-2) to find robust control. The control proposed keeping the part of the equivalent control by sliding mode and will change the part of the switching by a fuzzy controller. Simulation results with a sliding mode control, type-1 fuzzy logic controller (T1FLC) and with an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) of a permanent magnet synchronous machine are presented. The advantage of using interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller is verified.

Nowadays, several works have been oriented towards the study of the doubly-fed induction motor "DFIM", which is a three-phase asynchronous machine with a wound rotor supplied by two voltage sources, one at the stator and the other at the rotor. The latter and thanks to the development of power electronics equipment and the appearance of modern control techniques present an ideal solution for high power and variable speed drives.
The control of this motor is a delicate operation because this motor is characterized by a nonlinear dynamic, with time-varying parameters and with a strong coupling between the magnetic behavior and the mechanical part. To this end, for a long time, significant efforts have been made to develop highperformance controls to control the dynamic behavior of this motor. Fuzzy logic is an important development registered during the last two decades. This makes it possible to obtain an adjustment law that is often very effective without having to carry out in-depth modeling. As opposed to a standard regulator or a state feedback regulator, the fuzzy logic regulator does not deal with a well-defined mathematical relation, but uses inferences with several rules, based on linguistic variables. We propose in this work an association combining the type-2 fuzzy logic with the oriented stator flux vector control of DFIM to achieve a more efficient control by taking advantage of the advantages offered by each of them these techniques.

In this work, we develop a new hybrid algorithm between two control techniques namely: sliding mode control and fuzzy logic control to instantly keep an independent, precise and continuous control of mechanical power (speed, torque) produced by the permanent magnet synchronous machine and to improve tracking qualities with zero static error and to ensure robustness with guaranteed stability. This resulted in a high yield and optimum production quality. In the first part we presented the modeling of this machine and their PWM bidirectional converters. The main function of these converters is the connection of the machine to the electrical grid in two different ways: one on the grid side converter which will allow continuous bus control and improve the power factor on the grid side; the other, on the converter on the stator side which will allow the control and optimization of the mechanical energy flow generated by this machine. To do this, we will develop the fuzzy sliding hybrid control based on estimated gains and fuzzy regulators to eliminate the chattering phenomenon, the disadvantage of the sliding control, and converge these errors toward zero and thus ensure the stability of this machine. the disadvantage of fuzzy logic control. The numerical simulation results obtained during the application of the fuzzy sliding hybrid control on our machine show the effectiveness of this implemented control.

In this work is developed a hybrid algorithm enter two control techniques namely: sliding mode and fuzzy logic to keep instantaneous, independent, accurate and continuous control of active and reactive power generated by WECS based on a DFIG and improve the tracking qualities with zero static error and ensure robustness with a guarantee stability. This allowed obtaining a high efficiency and an optimal production quality. In the first part we presented the individual modeling of the wind chain that is composed of a DFIG driven by a turbine with variable blade pitch to control the energy capture of the wind during its low and high speeds. This machine is coupled directly to the grid through the stator and driven by the rotor magnitudes through two bi-directional PWM converters. The main function of these converters is the connection of the wind generator to the grid in two different ways: one on the grid side converter that will allow the DC bus control and improve the power factor on the grid side; the other on the rotor side converter that will allow the control and optimization of the energy flow generated by the stator of our system. To do this, we will develop the hybrid fuzzy sliding control based on estimated gains and fuzzy controllers to eliminate the phenomenon of chattering the disadvantage of the sliding control, and converge these errors to zero and thus ensure the stability of the system the disadvantage of the fuzzy logic control.

The main purpose of this paper is to exploit the "BACKSTEPPING" technique based on the Lyapunov theory for non-linear multi-input / multi-output system control, represented by a doubly fed induction machine. This approach consists of constructively designing a control law for nonlinear systems by considering some state variables as virtual controls, and designing them intermediate control laws. The Backstepping control makes it possible to obtain informatively a control law which ensures the stability
of the closed-loop system by presenting remarkable dynamic performances as well as a good robustness with respect to the deviations of the parameters of the engine.

In this document, we will present a control technique called control by type-1 fuzzy logic, this control makes it possible to instantly keep independent control of the active and reactive powers generated by doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in a wind energy production system coupled to the grid. This resulted in a high yield and optimum production quality. In the first part we presented the individual modeling of the wind chain that is composed of a DFIG driven by a turbine with variable pitch of the blades to control the capture of energy from the wind during its low and high speeds. This machine is directly coupled to the grid by the stator and controlled by the rotor quantities through two bidirectional PWM converters. The main function of these converters is the connection of the wind generator to the power grid in two different ways: one on the grid side converter which will allow continuous bus control and improve the power factor on the grid side; the other, on the rotor side converter which will allow the application of our control technique to control and optimize the energy flow generated by the stator of our machine in our system. Finally, we will present the results of simulations which show the effectiveness of this command.

In this work is developed a control algorithm is called the 2nd order sliding mode control known for its simplicity and robustness on a WPCS based on a DFIG to keep instantaneous independent, accurate and continuous control of active and reactive power generated by our system and improve the tracking qualities with zero static error and ensure robustness with a guaranteeing stability. This allowed obtaining a high efficiency and an optimal production quality. In the first part we presented the modeling of the wind chain that is composed of a DFIG driven by a turbine with variable blade pitch to control the energy capture of the wind during its low and high speeds. This machine is coupled directly to the grid through the stator and driven by the rotor values through two bi-directional PWM converters. The main function of these converters is the connection of the wind generator to the grid in two different ways: one on the grid side converter that will allow the control of the DC bus and improve the power factor on the grid side; the other on the rotor side converter that will allow the application of our control technique to the control and optimization of the energy flow generated by the stator. To do this, we will develop the sliding control of order 2 based on estimated gains of order 2 to eliminate the phenomenon of chattering, and converge these errors to zero and thus ensure the stability of our system control.

In this work, we present a new comparative study between two control techniques, namely vector control and control by fuzzy logic, in order to highlight the efficiency and robustness of each of them, this study is based on three essential criteria: qualitative, quantitative and robustness carried out during the transient and permanent operations of our wind energy conversion system which is based on a double fed induction machine driven by a turbine with variable blade pitch, and controlled through the rotor variables by two bidirectional converters. In the first part we presented the individual modeling of the wind chain, then we presented and developed the commands necessary to control the active and reactive powers produced by this system. Finally, we were interested in the comparative study between the proposed commands. The results obtained show that fuzzy logic control is the most efficient and effective control on the wind energy conversion system considered compared to vector control, namely:
Qualitative comparison: This comparison is based on the observation of simulation results obtained by applying the two commands developed on our system. The proposed active and reactive power setpoints are given in the form of steps while the machine is driven at a fixed speed. The observation of the simulation results shows that the two powers follow their new references in the two types of controls; however, the response time, overshoot and oscillations of the controlled quantities, as well as the exponential convergence of the errors for the transient state and the change of the setpoints are different. It is noted that the best values of the latter are the values obtained during the application of the control by the fuzzy logic, which can be considered as the most efficient control compared to the vector control.
Quantitative comparison: The aim of this test is to compare the two controls quantitatively (in figures); to highlight the performance of each of them. The values of the static error J1 and that of the necessary command J2 are calculated in the time interval [0s 5s]. The simulation results presented clearly show that control by fuzzy logic is the most efficient from the point of view of minimizing the energy criterion which gives us the lowest values (J1 = 3.3360e+007 for the active power, and J1 = 2.2705 e+007 for the reactive power), on the other hand the vector control which gives us the values (J1 = 2.8944e+008 for the active power, and J1 = 1.6288e+008 for the reactive power). Concerning the second precision criterion, we note that it is the fuzzy logic control which gives the lowest values (J2 = 5.0687e+004 for the active power, and J2 = 7.6097e+005 for the reactive power) on the other hand the vector control which gives us the values (J2 = 4.0734e+005 for the active power, and J2 = 7.6095e+006 for the reactive power).
Robustness comparison: In this test, we visualized the shape of the two active and reactive powers for a simulation duration Ts=5s. The two proposed controls present a high robustness and ensure good performance even in the presence of small parametric variations with external disturbances; however, control by fuzzy logic presents as the best control having almost smooth power shapes and a good follow-up of the setpoint shapes, on the other hand vector control which gives us remarkable ripples.

Le but de l'enseignement de Systèmes multi sources à énergies renouvelables est l'étude d'une manière générale de différentes configurations et architectures de ces systèmes électriques et leurs sources d'énergie composites de ses systèmes. Ensuite, nous présentons d'une façon plus détaillée les principaux composants de notre système hybride constitué par les éléments : photovoltaïque-éolien-pile à combustible-électrolyseur avec le système de stockage.

Le premier chapitre est consacré aux généralités sur les sources d'énergie conventionnelles (non renouvelables) et non conventionnelles (renouvelables) et les méthodes correctes pour l’exploitation de ces sources d’énergies. En suite un état de l’art sur les systèmes d'énergie hybride autonome (systèmes multi sources) où nous présentons les définitions, des différentes architectures des systèmes électriques multi-sources autonomes.

Dans le deuxième chapitre nous donnons une étude descriptive des sources d'énergie qui composent les systèmes d'énergie hybride autonome. En suite connaitre la méthode correcte pour le dimensionnement de ces sources et leurs convertisseurs pour relies à un bus continu, et en fin présenter ses avantages et ses inconvénients.
Le troisième et le quatrième chapitre seront consacré à la modélisation qui décrit le comportement des différentes parties de notre système d’énergie hybride autonome, en suite présenter le système de supervision pour une gestion de l'énergie du système global. Nous terminons ce chapitre par les résultats de simulation du comportement de SEH, face aux variations climatiques et de la charge électrique. Les séries des travaux pratiques (TD ; TP) se trouvent à la fin de chaque chapitre.

In this article we present the vector control of the doubly fed induction machine (DFIM) fed by a PWM inverter. The oriented stator flux vector control is efficient because of the simplicity of design and implementation and allows a natural decoupling between flows and currents. The application of this strategy is achieved by using Proportional Integral (PI) Controllers. The parameters of these controllers are calculated directly from the parameters of the machine using conventional analytical methods, which require careful calculation and a good knowledge of all machine parameters. The aim of our study is to try to replace the controller (PI) for speed and flux by a fuzzy logic controller type 1. Robustness tests of the control vis-à-vis the parametric variations of the machine will be made.

In this article, we present a new sliding mode control strategy applied to the doubly fed induction machine. The proposed control combines sliding mode and fuzzy logic to achieve robust control. This technique finds its strongest justification for the problem of using a nonlinear control law robust to the uncertainties of the model. The objective of this control is improved the outputs generated by the doubly fed induction machine supply decoupled by orientation of the stator flux. Finally, the performance of the system was tested and compared by simulation in terms of follow-up of instructions, and the robustness with respect to the parametric variations of this machine. The simulation results obtained clearly show the effectiveness of this control.

The efficiency of a wind turbine depends primarily on the power of the wind, the power curve of the turbine and the ability of the generator to respond to fluctuations in the wind. This article, therefore proposes a strategy for a robust control of the wind power system based on a doubly-fed induction machine with double power supply driven by a variable-pitch turbine of the blades and controlled through the rotor variables by two bidirectional converters. The active and reactive powers, which might be generated through the DFIG, can be decoupled through the orientation of the stator flux. The proposed control is mixed among the sliding mode control and fuzzy logic, this approach is powerful to the modelling uncertainties of the generator and the wind generator and permits acquiring a excessive performance and an ultimate quality of production on this field. Finally, the performance of the system was tested in terms of follow-up of instructions and the robustness with respect to the parameter variations of the DFIG.

The aim of this work concerns the study, modeling and control of a wind energy conversion system based on a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by a constant speed and controlled by the rotor quantities through two converters bidirectional. For this, a modeling of the various components of this system was carried out. These models were used to develop a control technique called type 2 fuzzy logic controls to ensure precise and continuous control of the stator powers generated while ensuring stability and speed of tracking with zero static error. This resulted in high system efficiency and optimum production quality.

In this article we present a comparative study between the two types of fuzzy logic mamdani and sugeno applied to the doubly-fed induction motor (DFIM). The proposed command combines the flow-oriented vector control and the type 1 fuzzy logic to get a robust control. The oriented stator flux vector control is efficient because of the simplicity of design and allows natural decoupling between flows and currents. The application of this strategy is carried out using Integral Proportional Controllers (PI) which are calculated directly from the machine parameters using conventional analytical methods which need a careful calculation and a good knowledge of all machine settings. The aim of our study is to try to replace the speed control controller (PI) with a type 1 fuzzy logic controller (mamdani or sugeno). Robustness tests of the control with respect to the parametric variations of the machine will be carried out.

In this article we present the vector control of the doubly fed induction machine (DFIM) fed by a PWM inverter. The oriented stator flux vector control is efficient because of the simplicity of design and implementation and allows a natural decoupling between flows and currents. The application of this strategy is achieved by using Proportional Integral (PI) Controllers. The parameters of these controllers are calculated directly from the parameters of the machine using conventional analytical methods, which require careful calculation and a good knowledge of all machine parameters. The aim of our study is to try to replace the speed controller (PI) with a fuzzy logic controller type 1. Robustness tests of the control vis-à-vis the parametric variations of the machine will be made.

The work carried out in this article devoted to the control of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) driven through the stator variables by two bidirectional converters. In the first part we modeled the global chain (PMSM, inverter, rectifier), then we presented and developed the two control techniques necessary to control the speed and the torque produced by this machine. The simulation results obtained allowed performance evaluation through the application of these commands.

Micro-grids using renewable energy resources become a key solution to address both energy consumption and environmental restrictions in remote locations. For this raison, we try to find a new solution to develop different ways of distribution and energy use. The present paper proposes to combine the virtual flux oriented control with backstepping control to increase the filtering performance of three-phase shunt active power filter. We propose a new multi-function converter as an efficient solution to improve the power quality. The virtual grid flux vector estimated in the sliding-mode observer yields robustness against the line voltage distortions. For improving the quality of the energy transfer from the power supplyto the load, and reducing the harmful effects of the harmonics generated by nonlinear load. The good dynamic and static performance under the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.

In this paper, we present a simulation study of a wind system with a doubly fed induction machine driven by a variable pitch wind turbine. The objective of the work is to design a control algorithm based on the sliding mode control strategy allowing the control of both active and reactive power independently. The main goal achieved by the control strategy is to control the amount of active and reactive power produced by the doubly fed induction generator and injected in the main grid according to the power references derived from turbine’s mechanical power and the grid operator. The simulation results have shown good performances concerning the tracking
of the references both in transient and steady state. A comparative study between the proposed control strategy and the well known vector control strategy has been carried out and has shown the superiority of sliding mode control to track the given references.

In this paper, hybrid control strategy applied to doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) is presented. The main objective of the study is to derive a control strategy which will be applied to a bidirectional converter supplying a DFIG based on the combination of vector and backstepping control. Vector control approach has been initially carried out in order to get a decoupled active and reactive power with proportional-integral compensator (PI). In order to enhance some of the drawbacks of the PI compensator in terms of robustness, transient response and steady state error a backstepping approach has been used. Simulation study carried out on the DFIG generating both real powers extracted from the turbine and the required reactive power have shown good performances compared to those obtained by using PI compensator for the overall expected performance parameters. given references.

This paper is interested in the study of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) connected to the electric power grid. The objective of our work is to make a modeling of a various components of the wind system, therefore using these models to work out a control device which allows the improvement of the production's quality of electrical energy. For that purpose, I'm going to present to you a strategy of control by vector control (PI Classical) to control independently the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIG uncoupled by flux orientation.

This paper is interested in the study of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) connected to the electric power network. The objective of our work is to make a modeling of a various components of the wind system, therefore using these models to work out a control device which allows the improvement of the production's quality of electrical energy. For that purpose, I'm going to present to you a strategy of control per vector control (Classical PI) to control independently the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIG uncoupled by flux orientation.

In this papere, we expose the study and simulation of a wind system with a doubly fed induction machine driven by a variable pitch wind turbine. The objective of our work is to make a modeling of a various components of the wind system, therefore using these models to work out a control device which allows the improvement of the production's quality of electrical energy. In this purpose, the paper presents a strategy of sliding mode control to control independently the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIG uncoupled by flux orientation.

This paper is interested in the study of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) connected to the electric power grid. The objective of our work is to make a modeling of a various components of the wind system, therefore using these models to work out a control device which allows the improvement of the production's quality of electrical energy. For that purpose, I'm going to present to you a strategy of control by vector control (PI Classical) to control independently the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIG uncoupled by flux orientation.

In this paper, we expose the study and simulation of a wind system with a doubly fed induction machine driven by a variable pitch wind turbine. The objective of our work is to make a modeling of a various components of the wind system, therefore using these models to work out a control device which allows the improvement of the production's quality of electrical energy. In this purpose, the paper presents a strategy of sliding mode control to control independently the active and reactive powers generated by the DFIG uncoupled by flux orientation.

In this paper, we present control algorithms applied to the wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on a doubly fed induction machine (DFIM) driven by a turbine with variable blade pitch, and driven through the rotor variables by two converters bidirectional. In the first part we presented the individual modulisation of the wind chain, then we have presented and developed the necessary commands to control the active and reactive powers produced by this system.