M. BENAICHE Ghania

The development of green nanotechnologies has garnered significant
attention from researchers, particularly in the ecological synthesis of
nanoparticles. This study presents the biogenic synthesis of stable zinc
oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using extracts from the leaves of Camellia
sinensis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and Xray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results demonstrated that the Camellia
sinensis leaf extract effectively reduced zinc ions to form zinc oxide
nanoparticles. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of ZnO, with
the nanoparticles exhibiting a size range of 26-38 nm. This biosynthesis
method provides a rapid, sustainable, and environmentally friendly
approach to produce stable zinc oxide nanoparticles, offering potential
applications in various fields.

There are approximately 317 species in the genus Eryngium (Sea Holly), which belongs to the
Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family [1-2]. Some of these species have long been utilized as antinociceptive
agents and treatments for various inflammatory conditions [1]. Secondary metabolites isolated from
plants in this genus have demonstrated significant biological activities, including anticancer,
antibacterial, molluscicide, parasiticide, antimicrobial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and phototoxic properties
[1–3]. Among other Eryngium species, Eryngium triquetrum Vahl, commonly known as choukzerk, is
widely distributed throughout Algeria and is native to North Africa [1].Algeria is home to 3,139 plant
species and features some of the most unique and diverse vegetation in the Mediterranean basin . We
observed the presence of this species in the semi-arid region of Maadid in M’sila. In this study, we
investigate the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of Eryngium triquetrum Vahl extract, which
was produced using maceration with a methanol/water mixture (70/30). The role of free radicals in
biological processes is increasingly recognized, as they are believed to play a significant role in the
development of tissue damage and pathology in living organisms [4]. Our findings indicate a high total
phenolic content in the extract of Eryngium triquetrum Vahl. The antioxidant activities, measured by
the DPPH method[5], were notably significant for the Eryngium triquetrum Vahl extract, which
demonstrated a favorable IC50 value; however, this extract was found to be less active compared to
BHA.

Abstract: The plant kingdom speaks to an critical source of an colossal assortment of bioactive atoms with nemerous benefets utilized within the nouishment industry ,cosmetology and pharmacy . Among these compounds we find comarins , alkaloids, phenolic acids, tannins, terpenes, and flavonoids .Indeed, polyphenols are endowed with multiple therapeutic virtues playing a very imortant role, mainly in thefight against cancer, cardiovascular diseases and lipid peroxidation .The Asteraceae is the large family of dicots and the second-largest family of blossoming plants (as it were the Orchidaceae has more species) . It contains 1,400-1,540 genera and aproximately 20,000-23,000 spacies and has a cosmopolitan distribution .One of these spacies is Atractyli caespitosa Desf . Algeria has one of the foremost diverse and unique greenery within the Mediterranean bowl where it has 3139 spaceies .We noticed the presence of this spacies in the semi-arid region of Hamam Dalaa in M’sila . In this work ,we study a antioxidant and antibacterial activities of atractilys caespitosa extract produced by maceration with (methanol/woter ) (70/30). Through this study , we have higher the total polyphenol contents are average in the extract of atractylis caespitosa .The antioxidant activity by the DPPH method was more important for the atractylis caespitosa extract ,this extract is less active compared to ascorbic acid .The antimicrobial activitiy of the atractylis caespitosa extract were tested against a panel wich included three bacterial species selected as repesentative of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ,Pseudomonas aeruginosas .the results of the study of antimicrobial activity , carried out by the method of disc and that of dilution on, liquid medium

Polyphenol dosage and antioxidant activitiesof the Asteraceae plant

The research findings on PS nanocomposites prepared with N,N,N-trimethyl-1-
hexadecyl ammonium chloride (THDACl) reveal improved dispersion, enhanced
mechanical properties, and increased thermal stability. These advancements have
significant implications for various industries, including automotive, aerospace,
packaging, and electronics, where the nanocomposites can be utilized for lightweight
structural components, flame-resistant coatings, and high-performance packaging
materials. Increasing the interlayer distance (d-spacing) of fractioned sodium
montmorillonite (FMMT-Na) using N,N,N-trimethyl-1-hexadecyl ammonium chloride
(THDACl) is done to improve the compatibility and dispersion of the clay in polymer
matrices. This modification is relevant and beneficial as it enhances the mechanical
properties, barrier performance, and thermal stability of the resulting nanocomposites,
opening up opportunities for various applications in industries such as packaging,
automotive, construction, and electronics. PS nanocomposites were prepared by
incorporating MMT clay using THDACl as a surfactant. The composition ratios included
1-10% weight percentage of MMT with a 1:1 weight ratio of THDACl to MMT. The
melt compounding process involved treating MMT with THDACl, dispersing it in a
solvent, and adding it to melted PS pellets. Characterization techniques, such as XRD,
TEM, SEM, TGA, and mechanical testing, were used to evaluate the nanocomposites.
The results demonstrated improved dispersion, enhanced mechanical properties, and
increased thermal stability. These findings contribute to the optimization of the
nanocomposites for specific applications.

The research findings on PS nanocomposites prepared with N,N,N-trimethyl-1-
hexadecyl ammonium chloride (THDACl) reveal improved dispersion, enhanced
mechanical properties, and increased thermal stability. These advancements have
significant implications for various industries, including automotive, aerospace,
packaging, and electronics, where the nanocomposites can be utilized for lightweight
structural components, flame-resistant coatings, and high-performance packaging
materials. Increasing the interlayer distance (d-spacing) of fractioned sodium
montmorillonite (FMMT-Na) using N,N,N-trimethyl-1-hexadecyl ammonium chloride
(THDACl) is done to improve the compatibility and dispersion of the clay in polymer
matrices. This modification is relevant and beneficial as it enhances the mechanical
properties, barrier performance, and thermal stability of the resulting nanocomposites,
opening up opportunities for various applications in industries such as packaging,
automotive, construction, and electronics. PS nanocomposites were prepared by
incorporating MMT clay using THDACl as a surfactant. The composition ratios included
1-10% weight percentage of MMT with a 1:1 weight ratio of THDACl to MMT. The
melt compounding process involved treating MMT with THDACl, dispersing it in a
solvent, and adding it to melted PS pellets. Characterization techniques, such as XRD,
TEM, SEM, TGA, and mechanical testing, were used to evaluate the nanocomposites.
The results demonstrated improved dispersion, enhanced mechanical properties, and
increased thermal stability. These findings contribute to the optimization of the
nanocomposites for specific applications.

Wild jujube “Ziziphus lotus (L.) Desf.” (Rhamnaceae). It is very common in arid and semi-arid regions. It is known in Algeria under Sidr (nebek), this plant has always been used in traditional medicine. This work aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoids content (TPC and TFC) and the ability to scavenge DPPH radical.

The aim of this work is,in side to study the adsorbent effect and in the other side the
evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the snail shells Hélix aspersa. Three different samples
are prepared : the crude biomasse CE, the biomasse activated by nitric acid AN and the
biomasse activated by CaCl2 :CC. The preparation yields ranging from 72% for the AN
sample and 98.6% for CC.
The pHPZC values for the different samples are very similar and have a number around 8
which signifies a basic medium. The thermogravimetric analyzes did not give much
information because of the low temperature range (< 800°C) while the analysis by infrared
spectroscopy shows similar functional groups of calcium carbonate.
The values of the iodine index and the methylene blue index show the great porosity of these
shells, in particular, the AN sample which reaches (985 ± 1) for the iodine index and (299, 5
± 0.05) for the methylene blue index.
Applying these results to a model dye like malachite green, we found good results especially
for the AN sample.
The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity shows a great inhibition against the strain of gram
negative and gram positive, a bactericidal effect against Staphyloccocus aureus and almost
bactericidal against Echerichia coli.
The evaluation of antifungal activity against Fusarium clomorum and three fungal strains of
the Aspergillus genus show that these shells have fungicidal activity against Fusarium
clomorum and significant inhibition for Aspergillus strains.

Seseli L. is an important genus of the Apiaceae family, with a large number of aromatic species. It is used in traditional medicine extensively, but there is quite limited information on their phytochemicals and biological activities. Seseli praecox is a rare species growing in the north east of Algeria, and there are no phytochemical studies on this species.
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the polyphenolic extract of this plant for its antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching assay.
The oxidation of linoleic acid produces hydroperoxide derived free radicals which attack the chromophore of β-carotene resulting in bleaching of the reaction emulsion and the antioxidant activity was expressed as percent inhibition relative to the control. Results show that Seseli praecox have an inhibition percentage range from 72% to 43%. Consequently, this study demonstrated the antioxidant potential of the extract from S. praecox. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms underlying these effect.

The aim of this work is the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the snail shells Helix
aspersa. Three different samples are prepared : the raw biomasse (CE)), the biomasse
activated by nitric acid (AN)) and the biomasse activated by CaCl2 : (CC). Three bacterial
strains from the American culture collection (ATCC) Gram+ and Gram- were used. All
bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aerogenosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC25292 and
Staphylococcus aureus 25923) were supplied by Pasteur institute of Algeria, annex of M'sila
(Algeria). Antibacterial efficacy for the strain Escherichia coli 95% and 99% inhibition for
Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition against the strain Pseudomonas aerogenosa is not
obvious enough because probably for the resistance of this bacterium. The evaluation of
antifungal activity against Fusarium clomorum and three fungal strains of the Aspergillus
genus show that these shells have fungicidal activity against Fusarium clomorum and
significant inhibition for Aspergillus strains.

he plant Thapsia garganica belongs to the family Apiaceae and is widespread
in the Mediterranean basin. It is considered one of the most famous medicinal plants since
ancient times. We started this work with the methanolic extraction of all the components
contained in the plant in order to obtain a crude extract, which we separated with different
polar solvents “petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate and n-butanol”
The flavonoids were evaluated by the method of aluminum chlorides AlCl3, the content is
estimated at 5.6009 mg EQ / g dry matter in the crude extract.
We extracted the essential oils using a Clevenger device, and then we studied the
antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of all extracts and compared them among
themselves.

Applied/Chemistry/Research11NJST | Vol 20 | No. 1 | Jan-Jun 2021
Electrochemical Characterization of Electrodeposited Ni-titanium Dioxide Deposits on Copper and their Corrosion Study
Electrochemical Characterization of Electrodeposited
Ni-titanium Dioxide Deposits on Copper and their
Corrosion Study
Khadidja BERARMA 1,2
, Amina RAGHDI 3 and Ghania BENAICHE 4*
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf- M’sila University,
M’sila, 28000, Algeria
2Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,
Mohamed Boudiaf- M’sila University, M’sila, 28000, Algeria
3Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed Boudiaf- M’sila University,
M’sila, 28000, Algeria
4
Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences,
Mohamed Boudiaf- M’sila University, Algeria
ABSTRACT
This work aimed to produce and characterize composite
coatings of nickel incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles on a
copper substrate. These deposits were obtained from watts
bath. In the study, the cyclic voltammetry technique was
employed to provide a better understanding of the cathodic
behavior of nickel deposition. The effects of the potential
scanning rate and the effect of cathodic limits on cyclic
voltammograms deposition of Ni in Primitive Watts Bath
(BWP) were determined. The composite coatings of nickel
incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized
using various electrochemical techniques such as open
circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic polarization
measurements, and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopic methods. The current density values for the
Ni-TiO2 in the case of 5 g/L and 10 g/L of TiO2 determined
from the polarization curves recorded in 3.5% NaCl indicate
that the corrosion process on nickel incorporating the TiO2
nanoparticle composite surface is slower than on pure
nickel. The TiO2 particles embedded in the electroplated
nickel, increase the polarization resistance and decrease
the corrosion rates as compared with electrodeposited pure
nickel. Electrochemical impedance spectra obtained at the
open-circuit potential (OCP) in 3.5% NaCl showed an
increase of polarization resistance with time in all cases.

In this study, Seseli praecox of Algerian flora was investigated regarding their polyphenolic and
flavonoids contents using the Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods,
respectively. TPC of crude aqueous ethanolic extract was 44mg± 0.09GAE/gDw, while, TFC have values
of 1.53mg±0.01 QuercetinE/gDw and 6.93mg±0.01 RutinE/gDw for ethanolic extract, which mean that
this plant is relatively poor source of polyphenols and flavonoids . In the other side, the polyphenolic
extract of this plant was evaluated for its reducing power. The capacity of the extract to reduce the ferric-
ferricyanide complex to the ferrous-ferricyanide complex mention that Seseli praecox showed a very high
iron reducing power activity with Ec50=0.25mg/ml.

In this study, two known quinolizidine alkaloids which are sparteine and lupanine were
isolated from the methanolic extract of the plant
Cytisus purgans of Algerian flora by open column
chromatography. These two compounds were identified on the basis of their spectral data (GC/
MS, IR, MS, 1
H and 13 C). The anti-tumor activity of the crude methanolic extract of the aerial parts
of the plant was also evaluated
invitro against human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and human
lung cancer (A549) cell lines using MTT assay.